Sync participant scores and shoot VFX

In this final chapter we'll implement another System, a way to visualize scores during gameplay as well as sync a leaderboard at the end of a gameplay round. It also handles other participants' shooting FX. So let's create a new C# script inside the Systems directory and call it ^ParticipantsSystem.cs^. This script will behave similarly to the ^HostilesSystem.cs^ script, so the app will be able to manage new components called ^SCORE.COMPONENT^ and ^SHOOT.FX.COMPONENT^, and it can listen to the changes as well.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Auki.ConjureKit;
using Auki.ConjureKit.ECS;
using ConjureKitShooter.Models;
using UnityEngine;

public class ParticipantsSystem: SystemBase
{
    private byte[] _emptyData = new byte[1];

    private uint _scoreComponentTypeId;
    private uint _shootFxComponentTypeId;

    public event Action<uint, ScoreData> OnParticipantScores;
    public event Action<uint, ShootData> InvokeShootFx;

    private const string ScoreComponent = "SCORE.COMPONENT";
    private const string ShootFxComponent = "SHOOT.FX.COMPONENT";

    public ParticipantsSystem(Session session) : base(session)
    {

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Method to generate the components type Id with type of uint
    /// </summary>
    public void GetComponentsTypeId()
    {
        _session.GetComponentTypeId(ScoreComponent, id => _scoreComponentTypeId = id,
            error => Debug.LogError(error.TagString()));
        _session.GetComponentTypeId(ShootFxComponent, id => _shootFxComponentTypeId = id,
            error => Debug.LogError(error.TagString()));
    }

    public override string[] GetComponentTypeNames()
    {
        return new[] {ScoreComponent, ShootFxComponent};
    }

    public override void Update(IReadOnlyList<(EntityComponent component, bool localChange)> updated)
    {
        foreach (var c in updated)
        {
            if (c.component.ComponentTypeId == _scoreComponentTypeId)
            {
                var data = c.component.Data.FromJsonByteArray<ScoreData>();
                OnParticipantScores?.Invoke(c.component.EntityId, data);
            }

            if (c.component.ComponentTypeId == _shootFxComponentTypeId)
            {
                if (c.localChange) return;

                var data = c.component.Data.FromJsonByteArray<ShootData>();
                if (data == null) return;
                InvokeShootFx?.Invoke(c.component.EntityId, data);
            }
        }
    }

    public override void Delete(IReadOnlyList<(EntityComponent component, bool localChange)> deleted)
    {

    }

    public void GetAllScoresComponent(Action<List<EntityComponent>> onComplete)
    {
        _session.GetComponents(_scoreComponentTypeId, result =>
        {
            onComplete?.Invoke(result);
        }, error =>
        {
            Debug.LogError(error);
            onComplete?.Invoke(null);
        });
    }

    public void AddParticipantComponent(uint entityId, string name)
    {
        var data = new ScoreData()
        {
            name = name
        }.ToJsonByteArray();
        var ec = _session.GetEntityComponent(entityId, _scoreComponentTypeId);
        if (ec != null)
        {
            _session.UpdateComponent(_scoreComponentTypeId, entityId, data);
            return;
        }
        _session.AddComponent(_scoreComponentTypeId, entityId, data, null, Debug.LogError);
        _session.AddComponent(_shootFxComponentTypeId, entityId, _emptyData, null, Debug.LogError);
    }

    public void UpdateParticipantScoreComponent(uint entityId, int score)
    {
        var prevData = _session.GetEntityComponent(entityId, _scoreComponentTypeId);
        var data = prevData.Data.FromJsonByteArray<ScoreData>();
        data.score = score;
        _session.UpdateComponent(_scoreComponentTypeId, entityId, data.ToJsonByteArray());
    }

    public void SyncShootFx(uint entityId, Vector3 pos, Vector3 hit)
    {
        var data = new ShootData()
        {
            StartPos = new SVector3(pos),
            EndPos = new SVector3(hit)
        }.ToJsonByteArray();
        _session.UpdateComponent(_shootFxComponentTypeId, entityId, data);
    }
}

Let's add these lines to ^ParticipantsController.cs^:

using Auki.ConjureKit;
using ConjureKitShooter.UI;

As well as these new fields:

[SerializeField] private ParticipantNameUi participantNameUiPrefab;
[SerializeField] private LineRenderer shootFxPrefab;

private IConjureKit _conjureKit;

private readonly Dictionary<uint, ParticipantComponent> _participantComponents = new();
private Dictionary<uint, (string, int)> _scoreCache = new();
private Main _main;
private WaitForSeconds _delay;
private Session _session;
private Transform _camera;

Now we should update the ^SetListener()^ method, and add RemoveListener() as well. Instead of passing ^Main^ to the ^SetListener()^ method like it was previously, now we'll pass ^ParticipantsSystem^ to ^SetListener()^ so that all participants can listen for score changes using the System and Components:

public void SetListener(ParticipantsSystem participantsSystem)
{
    participantsSystem.OnParticipantScores += OnParticipantScores;
    participantsSystem.InvokeShootFx += ShowParticipantShootLine;
}

public void RemoveListener(ParticipantsSystem participantsSystem)
{
    participantsSystem.OnParticipantScores -= OnParticipantScores;
    participantsSystem.InvokeShootFx -= ShowParticipantShootLine;
}

Let's also declare the ^ShowParticipantShootLine()^ method so the code above doesn't throw an error:

private void ShowParticipantShootLine(uint id, ShootData data)
{

}

As well as the ^Initialize()^ method which will initialize all the needed fields in this controller. It also handles all the prefabs' lifetimes whenever ConjureKit connects to a session and disconnects.

public void Initialize(IConjureKit conjureKit, Transform camera)
{
    _conjureKit = conjureKit;
    _delay = new WaitForSeconds(0.2f);
    _camera = camera;

    _conjureKit.OnJoined += session => _session = session;
    _conjureKit.OnLeft += session =>
    {
        _scoreCache.Clear();
        foreach (var c in _participantComponents)
        {
            if (c.Value == null) continue;
            Destroy(c.Value.NameUi.gameObject);
            Destroy(c.Value.LineRenderer.gameObject);
        }
        _participantComponents.Clear();
    };
}

Next we want to implement a way to get all previous components from ^ParticipantSystem.cs^:

public void GetAllPreviousComponents(ParticipantsSystem participantsSystem)
{
    participantsSystem.GetAllScoresComponent(result =>
    {
        foreach (var ec in result)
        {
            var data = ec.Data.FromJsonByteArray<ScoreData>();
            OnParticipantScores(ec.EntityId, data);
        }
    });
}

We also need to update ^OnParticipantJoins()^ so it will spawn all needed game objects whenever a participant joins:

private void OnParticipantJoins(uint id, string participantName)
{
    if (_participantComponents.TryGetValue(id, out var c))
    {
        c.NameUi.SetName(participantName);
        return;
    }

    var lRenderer = Instantiate(shootFxPrefab, transform);
    var nameSign = Instantiate(participantNameUiPrefab, transform);

    nameSign.SetName(participantName);

    lRenderer.enabled = false;
    nameSign.gameObject.SetActive(false);

    _participantComponents.Add(id, new ParticipantComponent(lRenderer, nameSign));
    _scoreCache.TryAdd(id, (participantName, 0));
}

Next let's modify the ^OnParticipantScores()^ method which updates the players' score displays:

private void OnParticipantScores(uint id, ScoreData data)
{
    if (!_participantComponents.ContainsKey(id))
    {
        OnParticipantJoins(id, data.name);
        return;
    }

    _participantComponents[id].Score = data.score;
    _participantComponents[id].NameUi.SetName(data.name);
    _participantComponents[id].NameUi.SetScore(data.score.ToString("0000000"));
    _scoreCache[id] = (data.name, data.score);
}

We also need to declare a method to handle participants leaving the session, so the controller can remove the Components associated with that player. Let's name the method ^OnParticipantLeft(uint id)^:

public void OnParticipantLeft(uint id)
{
    if (!_participantComponents.ContainsKey(id))
        return;

    Destroy(_participantComponents[id].LineRenderer.gameObject);
    Destroy(_participantComponents[id].NameUi.gameObject);

    _participantComponents.Remove(id);
}

Next, create a couple of methods that will handle the Participant's Score Board:

private void UpdateScoreBoardPosition(uint id, Vector3 pos, Vector3 cameraPos)
{
    if (!_participantComponents.ContainsKey(id))
        return;

    var nameSign = _participantComponents[id].NameUi.transform;

    nameSign.gameObject.SetActive(true);

    var offsetPos = pos + (0.6f * Vector3.up);
    var direction = -(cameraPos - offsetPos);

    var distance = direction.magnitude;

    nameSign.position = offsetPos;
    nameSign.rotation = Quaternion.LookRotation(direction);

    nameSign.transform.localScale = Mathf.Clamp(distance, 0.2f, 1.2f) * Vector3.one;
}

private void UpdateParticipantsScoreBoard()
{
    if (_participantComponents.Count <= 0) return;

    foreach (var c in _participantComponents)
    {
        if (c.Value == null) continue;

        var entity = _session.GetEntity(c.Key);

        if (entity == null || entity.ParticipantId == _session.ParticipantId)
            continue;

        var pos = _session.GetEntityPose(c.Key).position;
        UpdateScoreBoardPosition(c.Key, pos, _camera.position);
    }
}

private void Update()
{
    UpdateParticipantsScoreBoard();
}

The ^UpdateScoreBoardPosition()^ method will try to find the score board GameObject from the ^_participantComponents^ collection, and will reposition that GameObject to the position value that is passed to the method as an argument (with an offset of 60 cm on the Y axis, so it will be above the player), and then align the rotation so it faces the camera.

The ^UpdateParticipantsScoreBoard()^ method will loop through all the ^_participantComponents^ collection values and try to get the Entity based on the key value of the collection (which is an ^uint^), and then pass the Entity Id, Entity Position, and Camera position on each loop to update each participant's score board positions.

Since ^ParticipantsController.cs^ is a Monobehaviour, we can call the ^UpdateParticipantsScoreBoard()^ method inside the built-in ^Update()^ method. This way it will be evaluated in every frame and the score boards will follow their assigned participants.

Next let's add a way to show each participant's Shoot Line Fx. We'll begin by adding this namespace since it's needed by Coroutines:

using System.Collections;

Then let's update the ^ShowParticipantShootLine()^ method and create the Coroutine method which we'll call ^ShowShootLine()^:

private void ShowParticipantShootLine(uint id, ShootData data)
{
    if (!_participantComponents.ContainsKey(id))
        return;

    StartCoroutine(ShowShootLine(id, data.StartPos.ToVector3(), data.EndPos.ToVector3()));
}

IEnumerator ShowShootLine(uint id, Vector3 pos, Vector3 hit)
{
    var lineRenderer = _participantComponents[id].LineRenderer;
    lineRenderer.enabled = true;
    lineRenderer.positionCount = 2;
    lineRenderer.SetPositions(new[]{pos, hit});

    yield return _delay;

    lineRenderer.positionCount = 0;
    lineRenderer.enabled = false;
}

^ShowParticipantShootLine()^ is already subscribed to the ^participantSystem.InvokeShootFx^ callback, so whenever the callback gets invoked, ^ShowParticipantShootLine()^ will be notified, and will receive ShootData for the Shoot Fx (which contains the positions for the LineRenderer). With that data, we can invoke the ^ShowShootLine()^ coroutine which will show the line for 200ms.

The last thing that we need to implement in ^ParticipantsController.cs^ is a way to reset the score, so let's create a new method for it:

public void Restart()
{
    foreach (var c in _participantComponents)
    {
        c.Value.NameUi.SetScore(0.ToString("0000000"));
        _scoreCache[c.Key] = (c.Value.NameUi.GetName(), 0);
    }
}

We also want to remove the clearing of ^_scoreCache^ whenever we are getting the score entries:

public void GetScoreEntries(Action<Dictionary<uint, (string, int)>> valueCallback)
{
    ...
~~    _scoreCache.Clear(); //remove this line~~
}

Next we need to update ^Main.cs^ so that ^ParticipantsController.cs^ gets initialized correctly. There's an error now with ^SetListener()^ which we'll fix by replacing the ^SetListener()^ call in ^Start()^:

private void Start()
{
    ...

    uiManager.OnChangeState += OnChangeGameState;
~~    participantsController.SetListener(this);~~

    ...
}

With ^Initialize():^

private void Start()
{
    ...

    uiManager.OnChangeState += OnChangeGameState;
~~    participantsController.Initialize(_conjureKit, arCamera.transform);~~
    ...
}

We will also need to initialize the Participants System inside the ^OnJoined()^ callback, as well as call ^participantsController.SetListener()^. First let's add a field that will hold the reference to the system:

private ParticipantsSystem _participantsSystem;

Now update the ^OnJoined()^ method:

private void OnJoined(Session session)
{
    ...
    _session.RegisterSystem(_hostilesSystem, () =>
    {
        _hostilesSystem.GetComponentsTypeId();
    });

~~    _participantsSystem = new ParticipantsSystem(_session);
    _session.RegisterSystem(_participantsSystem, () =>
    {
        _participantsSystem.GetComponentsTypeId();
        participantsController.GetAllPreviousComponents(_participantsSystem);
    });~~

    _gameEventController.OnGameStart = GameStart;
    _gameEventController.OnGameOver = GameOver;
~~    _participantsSystem.OnParticipantScores += UpdateParticipantsEntity;~~
    hostileController.SetListener(_hostilesSystem);
~~    participantsController.SetListener(_participantsSystem);~~
    uiManager.SetSessionId(_session.Id);
}

Next, create an overload method for ^UpdateParticipantsEntity()^ that takes ^uint^ and ^ScoreData^ as arguments, so we can subscribe the method to the ParticipantsSystem's ^OnParticipantScores^ event callback. This allows us to update the remaining Participants' entities if there are changes in the Session (e.g. if players leave, etc):

private void UpdateParticipantsEntity(uint id, ScoreData data)
{
    UpdateParticipantsEntity();
}

We'll also update the ^OnLeft()^ callback:

private void OnLeft(Session lastSession)
{
    hostileController.RemoveListener();
~~    participantsController.RemoveListener(_participantsSystem);
    _participantsSystem.OnParticipantScores -= UpdateParticipantsEntity;
    _participantEntities.Clear();
    _spawnedGun.Clear();~~
    GameOver();
    _hostilesSystem = null;
~~    _session = null;~~
}

Now ^_spawnedGun.Clear()^ will show an error, but we'll fix that in a moment. For now, let's update the ^OnEntityDeleted()^ callback:

private void OnEntityDeleted(uint entityId)
{
~~    participantsController.OnParticipantLeft(entityId);~~
    UpdateParticipantsEntity();

    if (_participantEntities.Count < 2)
    {
        GameOver();
    }
}

We also want to reset the score whenever the game restarts by calling ^participantsController.Restart()^, so let's update the ^GameStart()^ method accordingly:

private void GameStart()
{
    ....
    uiManager.ChangeUiState...
~~    participantsController.Restart();~~
    UpdateParticipantsEntity....
}

Next let's update and fix ^GunScript.cs^. First remove the ^Initialize()^ call in the ^Start()^ method:

private void Start()
{
    lineRenderer.positionCount = 0;
    lineRenderer.enabled = false;

    _audio = GetComponent<AudioSource>();
        
~~    Initialize(); // Remove~~
}

Then declare a new field to reference ParticipantsSystem:

private ParticipantsSystem _participantsSystem;

Update the ^Initialize()^ method:

public void Initialize(ParticipantsSystem participantsSystem, uint entityId)
{
    _participantsSystem = participantsSystem;
    _myEntityId = entityId;
    _delay = new WaitForSeconds(0.2f);
}

Let's also add a new ^Clear()^ method to clear the ^_participantsSystem^ value. This step should also fix the error we had previously:

public void Clear()
{
    _participantsSystem = null;
}

We'll also update the ^ShowShootLine()^ coroutine so it sends a "Shooting Sync Event":

IEnumerator ShowShootLine(uint entityId, Vector3 pos, Vector3 hit)
{
~~    _participantsSystem?.SyncShootFx(entityId, pos, hit);~~
    _audio.PlayRandomPitch(shootSfx, 0.18f);
    ....
}

Let's go back to ^Main.cs^. We need to update the ^OnParticipantEntityCreated()^ callback, but first let's add a field that will hold the current user's device entity:

private Entity _myEntity;

Then update the ^OnParticipantEntityCreated()^ method so it caches the user's device entity and initializes the gun. Broadcasting the addition of the Participant Components happens via ^_participantSystem^:

private void OnParticipantEntityCreated(Entity entity)
{
    _myEntity = entity;
    _spawnedGun.Initialize(_participantsSystem, entity.Id);
    _participantsSystem.AddParticipantComponent(entity.Id, _myName);
}

We also want to update the ^ShootLogic()^ method in ^Main.cs^ so it invokes the Participant System's ^UpdateParticipantScoreComponent()^ method. Remove this line:

private void ShootLogic()
{
    ...

                if (hostile.Hit(hitInfo.point))
                {
                    _score += 10;
~~                    OnParticipantScore?.Invoke(0, new ScoreData(){name = _myName, score = _score});~~
                    uiManager.UpdateScore(_score);
                }
    ...
}

And replace it with this:

private void ShootLogic()
{
    ...

                if (hostile.Hit(hitInfo.point))
                {
                    _score += 10;
~~                    _participantsSystem.UpdateParticipantScoreComponent(_myEntity.Id, _score);~~
                    uiManager.UpdateScore(_score);
                }
    ...
}

start-note

Lastly, we'll need a reconnect mechanism whenever the participant is disconnected from the session. We can do this inside the ^OnStateChange()^ callback by running the ^Connect()^ method whenever the state is Disconnected:

private void OnStateChange(State state)
{
   ....

   if (state == State.Disconnected)
   {
       _conjureKit.Connect();
   }
}

end-note

Now let's go back to Unity Editor. Since we changed ^ParticipantsController.cs^, let's assign a couple of variables in the scene:

Now the game should be completed, and can be played by multiple participants.

The full project can be found on GitHub.